Commercial Debt Recovery in France by Expert Business Lawyers

Our bilingual legal team helps businesses and individuals collect overdue payments across France.

Our Process

Commercial Debt Recovery in France Fast, Strategic & Legally Enforceable

Recover your unpaid B2B invoices in France with real legal leverage not ineffective reminders.

Unpaid commercial debts disrupt cash flow, damage business relationships, and create serious financial risk, especially for foreign companies dealing with French businesses. We provide high-impact, lawyer-driven commercial debt recovery throughout France, ensuring that your claim progresses quickly from reminder to full enforcement.

We represent exporters, suppliers, SaaS providers, distributors, manufacturers, and international groups who require rapid, compliant, and results-oriented commercial debt recovery against French corporate debtors.

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Our Proven Process

Why Work With a French Business Lawyer for Commercial Debt Recovery?

Commercial debt recovery in France follows strict procedural rules. Only French lawyers can manage the entire escalation chain from formal notice to asset seizure ensuring your claim is pursued effectively and without procedural errors.
With us, you benefit from:

Step 1

Formal notices drafted by a French attorney

Step 2

Direct negotiation with French corporate debtors

Step 3

Access to emergency asset protection measures

Step 4

Filing of fast-track “Injonction de Payer” petitions

Step 5

Full litigation representation before Commercial Courts

Our Process

Our Commercial Debt Recovery Services

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Pre-Action Intervention (“Phase Amiable”)

Before initiating legal action, we issue a powerful attorney-drafted formal notice and apply pressure through structured negotiation.

This alone resolves many cases quickly.

Includes:

  • Review of contracts, POs, invoices, and delivery records
  • Calculation of late-payment interest, penalties, and statutory indemnity
  • Drafting and sending of a binding formal notice
  • Follow-up, reminders, and negotiation
  • Settlement assistance when relevant


Goal: obtain fast, voluntary payment while preserving efficiency.

Asset Freezing Measures — “Saisie Conservatoire”

If the debtor shows signs of financial instability, we immediately secure your position.

This measure can freeze assets before litigation, sometimes even without prior court authorization.

Includes
:

  • Risk assessment of insolvency or asset disappearance
  • Preparation of urgent legal grounds
  • Filing before the Enforcement Judge (JEX)
  • Coordination with bailiffs to freeze bank accounts or receivables
  • Strategy for converting the freeze into actual enforcement after judgment


Goal: Enforce compliance or recover damages without litigation.

Fast-Track Court Procedure — Injonction de Payer

For undisputed commercial debts, this is the fastest legal solution in France.

Includes
:

  • Drafting and filing the petition
  • Monitoring until the court grants the order
  • Bailiff service and enforcement
  • Recovery of principal + interest + penalties + legal fees

 

Timeline: usually 4–8 weeks depending on the court.

Commercial Litigation Before French Courts

If the debtor disputes the claim, we represent you before the Tribunal de Commerce.

Includes
:

  • Full claim drafting (“assignation en paiement”)
  • Legal analysis of breach and available remedies
  • Calculation of damages (financial losses, penalties, interest)
  • Counterclaims, objections, and procedural incidents


Goal: Enforce compliance or recover damages without litigation.

Our Process

Transparent & Business-Friendly Fees

Pre-Action Recovery (Phase Amiable)

From 750 € HT + success fee

→ Formal notice + negotiation + follow-up

Injonction de Payer (Payment Order)

From 1,450 € HT + success fee

→ Petition + monitoring + enforceable order

Commercial Litigation (Tribunal de Commerce)

From 3,490 € HT + success fee

→ Full representation until judgment

Enforcement Measures (Bailiff Seizures)

Quoted individually

→ Based on assets and procedural complexity

600+

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Our Process

We Assist International Commercial Clients

We represent:

What makes French commercial debt recovery different from other countries?

French debt recovery is highly procedural. Certain steps must be taken in a specific order for your claim to remain valid. For example:

  • a formal notice (mise en demeure) is often required before going to court
  • interest and penalties must comply with the French Commercial Code
  • jurisdiction rules may force the creditor to sue in the debtor’s location
  • some procedures (e.g., référé-provision) are only available for “non-serious disputes”


If an early step is done incorrectly, it can restrict your legal options later. This is why commercial courts in France expect structured filings with clear supporting evidence, not informal demands.

What documents do French commercial courts expect when filing a claim?

Commercial judges focus heavily on evidence consistency, especially:

  • invoices and purchase orders
  • delivery proof (bons de livraison), tracking, or acceptance emails
  • correspondence showing reminders and debtor acknowledgment
  • signed contracts or general terms (CGV) properly accepted
  • a clear account statement (relevé de compte)

In France, the creditor must show the debt is certain, liquid and due (certaine, liquide et exigible).
If one document is missing or inconsistent, the court may delay or reject the request.

Is a lawyer’s formal notice (mise en demeure) really necessary?

Technically, a simple email can serve as a mise en demeure, but in practice:

  • a lawyer-issued mise en demeure carries more weight
  • it is drafted according to Article 1344 of the French Civil Code
  • it properly activates late payment interest, penalties, and limitation interruption
  • judges consider it a sign that the creditor acted seriously and transparently

Debtors in France are very accustomed to reminders. But a letter from a law firm signals that the claim is ready to escalate to the commercial court.

When is “référé-provision” (summary proceedings) appropriate?

Référé is extremely efficient, usually 1–2 months, but only available if:

  • the debt is not seriously disputed, and
  • there is no complex factual debate

It is ideal when:

  • goods were delivered and accepted
  • the debtor acknowledges the debt but delays payment
  • the evidence is straightforward

If the debtor raises a serious argument (e.g., conformity defects, contractual ambiguity), the judge will not grant référé, and the case must go to full proceedings.

Request Your Free 48h Case Assessment

Send us your unpaid invoices and documents, and our lawyers will review your case at no cost.
You receive a clear recovery evaluation and an initial debtor check within 48 hours.

Protect Your Business With a Contract & GTC Audit

Our lawyers review your contracts and terms to add protective clauses—retention of title, penalties, guarantees—so you avoid future non-payment.
Strengthen your legal framework before issues arise.

More About Commercial Debt Recovery

Can you freeze a debtor’s assets before starting a lawsuit?

Yes — French law allows precautionary seizures (saisies conservatoires) before filing a claim, provided:

  • there is a “legitimate reason” to believe recovery is at risk
  • the creditor can show the debt is reasonably established
  • the court grants authorization (unless the creditor already holds an enforceable title)

This is a powerful tool. It often leads to immediate settlement because debtors cannot access frozen funds.

Foreign creditors often encounter:

  • incorrect jurisdiction clauses
  • invoices drafted without legally compliant CGV
  • weak delivery proof (no bon de livraison)
  • misunderstandings about prescription (5 years for commercial debts)
  • failure to send a proper mise en demeure
  • using an “injonction de payer” when the debt is slightly disputed

A French lawyer ensures each step matches procedural requirements — otherwise the claim may be reduced or dismissed.

French commercial judges are pragmatic. They generally:

  • enforce written contracts strictly
  • accept email chains and digital proof
  • sanction late payment interest and statutory compensation (€40 + further charges)
  • dislike creditors who waited too long to act
  • consider debtor bad faith when there is no genuine dispute

If the evidence is organised and coherent, courts tend to issue favourable decisions.

Often yes. There are two main mechanisms:

  • Article 700 CPC (contribution to legal fees, discretionary)
  • recovery of bailiff and procedural costs related to enforcement

Courts seldom reimburse all legal costs, but they usually order the debtor to pay a fair contribution if the claim is well-founded.

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